The genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes

Publication date

2016-07-11

Authors

Fuchsberger, Christian
Flannick, Jason
Teslovich, Tanya M
Mahajan, Anubha
Agarwala, Vineeta
Gaulton, Kyle J
Ma, Clement
Fontanillas, Pierre
Moutsianas, Loukas
McCarthy, Davis J

Editors

Advisors

Supervisors

Document Type

Article

Collections

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License

taverne

Abstract

The genetic architecture of common traits, including the number, frequency, and effect sizes of inherited variants that contribute to individual risk, has been long debated. Genome-wide association studies have identified scores of common variants associated with type 2 diabetes, but in aggregate, these explain only a fraction of the heritability of this disease. Here, to test the hypothesis that lower-frequency variants explain much of the remainder, the GoT2D and T2D-GENES consortia performed whole-genome sequencing in 2,657 European individuals with and without diabetes, and exome sequencing in 12,940 individuals from five ancestry groups. To increase statistical power, we expanded the sample size via genotyping and imputation in a further 111,548 subjects. Variants associated with type 2 diabetes after sequencing were overwhelmingly common and most fell within regions previously identified by genome-wide association studies. Comprehensive enumeration of sequence variation is necessary to identify functional alleles that provide important clues to disease pathophysiology, but large-scale sequencing does not support the idea that lower-frequency variants have a major role in predisposition to type 2 diabetes.

Keywords

Taverne, Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Citation

Fuchsberger, C, Flannick, J, Teslovich, T M, Mahajan, A, Agarwala, V, Gaulton, K J, Ma, C, Fontanillas, P, Moutsianas, L, McCarthy, D J, Rivas, M A, Perry, J R B, Sim, X, Blackwell, T W, Robertson, N R, Rayner, N W, Cingolani, P, Locke, A E, Tajes, J F, Highland, H M, Dupuis, J, Chines, P S, Lindgren, C M, Hartl, C, Jackson, A U, Chen, H, Huyghe, J R, van de Bunt, M, Pearson, R D, Kumar, A, Müller-Nurasyid, M, Grarup, N, Stringham, H M, Gamazon, E R, Lee, J, Chen, Y, Scott, R A, Below, J E, Chen, P, Huang, J, Go, M J, Stitzel, M L, Pasko, D, Parker, S C J, Varga, T V, Green, T, Beer, N L, Day-Williams, A G, Ferreira, T, Fingerlin, T, Horikoshi, M, Hu, C, Huh, I, Ikram, M K, Kim, B-J, Kim, Y, Kim, Y J, Kwon, M-S, Lee, J, Lee, S, Lin, K-H, Maxwell, T J, Nagai, Y, Wang, X, Welch, R P, Yoon, J, Zhang, W, Barzilai, N, Voight, B F, Han, B-G, Jenkinson, C P, Kuulasmaa, T, Kuusisto, J, Manning, A, Ng, M C Y, Palmer, N D, Balkau, B, Stančáková, A, Abboud, H E, Boeing, H, Giedraitis, V, Prabhakaran, D, Gottesman, O, Scott, J, Carey, J, Kwan, P, Grant, G, Smith, J D, Neale, B M, Purcell, S, Butterworth, A S, Howson, J M M, Lee, H M, Lu, Y, Kwak, S-H, Zhao, W, Danesh, J, Lam, V K L, Park, K S, Saleheen, D, So, W Y, Tam, C H T, Afzal, U, Aguilar, D, Arya, R, Aung, T, Chan, E, Navarro, C, Cheng, C-Y, Palli, D, Correa, A, Curran, J E, Rybin, D, Farook, V S, Fowler, S P, Freedman, B I, Griswold, M, Hale, D E, Hicks, P J, Khor, C-C, Kumar, S, Lehne, B, Thuillier, D, Lim, W Y, Liu, J, van der Schouw, Y T, Loh, M, Musani, S K, Puppala, S, Scott, W R, Yengo, L, Tan, S-T, Taylor, H A, Thameem, F, Wilson, G, Wong, T Y, Njølstad, P R, Levy, J C, Mangino, M, Bonnycastle, L L, Schwarzmayr, T, Fadista, J, Surdulescu, G L, Herder, C, Groves, C J, Wieland, T, Bork-Jensen, J, Brandslund, I, Christensen, C, Koistinen, H A, Doney, A S F, Kinnunen, L, Esko, T, Farmer, A J, Hakaste, L, Hodgkiss, D, Kravic, J, Lyssenko, V, Hollensted, M, Jørgensen, M E, Jørgensen, T, Ladenvall, C, Justesen, J M, Käräjämäki, A, Kriebel, J, Rathmann, W, Lannfelt, L, Lauritzen, T, Narisu, N, Linneberg, A, Melander, O, Milani, L, Neville, M, Orho-Melander, M, Qi, L, Qi, Q, Roden, M, Rolandsson, O, Swift, A, Rosengren, A H, Stirrups, K, Wood, A R, Mihailov, E, Blancher, C, Carneiro, M O, Maguire, J, Poplin, R, Shakir, K, Fennell, T, DePristo, M, Hrabé de Angelis, M, Deloukas, P, Gjesing, A P, Jun, G, Nilsson, P, Murphy, J, Onofrio, R, Thorand, B, Hansen, T, Meisinger, C, Hu, F B, Isomaa, B, Karpe, F, Liang, L, Peters, A, Huth, C, O'Rahilly, S P, Palmer, C N A, Pedersen, O, Rauramaa, R, Tuomilehto, J, Salomaa, V, Watanabe, R M, Syvänen, A-C, Bergman, R N, Bharadwaj, D, Bottinger, E P, Cho, Y S, Chandak, G R, Chan, J C N, Chia, K S, Daly, M J, Ebrahim, S B, Langenberg, C, Elliott, P, Jablonski, K A, Lehman, D M, Jia, W, Ma, R C W, Pollin, T I, Sandhu, M, Tandon, N, Froguel, P, Barroso, I, Teo, Y Y, Zeggini, E, Loos, R J F, Small, K S, Ried, J S, DeFronzo, R A, Grallert, H, Glaser, B, Metspalu, A, Wareham, N J, Walker, M, Banks, E, Gieger, C, Ingelsson, E, Im, H K, Illig, T, Franks, P W, Buck, G, Trakalo, J, Buck, D, Prokopenko, I, Mägi, R, Lind, L, Farjoun, Y, Owen, K R, Gloyn, A L, Strauch, K, Tuomi, T, Kooner, J S, Lee, J-Y, Park, T, Donnelly, P, Morris, A D, Hattersley, A T, Bowden, D W, Collins, F S, Atzmon, G, Chambers, J C, Spector, T D, Laakso, M, Strom, T M, Bell, G I, Blangero, J, Duggirala, R, Tai, E S, McVean, G, Hanis, C L, Wilson, J G, Seielstad, M, Frayling, T M, Meigs, J B, Cox, N J, Sladek, R, Lander, E S, Gabriel, S, Burtt, N P, Mohlke, K L, Meitinger, T, Groop, L, Abecasis, G, Florez, J C, Scott, L J, Morris, A P, Kang, H M, Boehnke, M, Altshuler, D & McCarthy, M I 2016, 'The genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes', Nature, vol. 536, no. 7614, pp. 41-47. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature18642