Immune modulation by neutrophil subsets

Abstract

We show that human neutrophils can suppress T-cell proliferation in acute systemic inflammation and thus have anti-inflammatory functions, next to their well-known pro-inflammatory functions. The suppression is mediated by ROS production and integrin MAC-1, which are also important for the pro-inflammatory mechanisms of neutrophils. Therefore, it is important to realize that inhibition of neutrophils, MAC-1, or ROS production will not necessarily lead to inhibition of inflammation. The functions of these innate immune cells are more complex than was previously expected, and the innate and adaptive immune system seem to be even more entwined than was previously appreciated. A better understanding of the mechanisms initiating the transition from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory neutrophil are essential to comprehend neutrophil mediated disease processes