Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, (Z)-2-penten-1-ol, CAS Registry Number 1576-95-0
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Publication date
2026-04-01
Authors
Api, A. M.
Bartlett, A.
Belsito, D.
Botelho, D.
Bruze, M.
Bryant-Friedrich, A.
Burton, G. A.
Cancellieri, M. A.
Chon, H.
Cronin, M.
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Article
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taverne
Abstract
(Z)-2-Penten-1-ol was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, photoirritation/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data from read-across analogs 2,6-nonadien-1-ol (CAS # 7786-44-9) and trans-2-hexenol (CAS # 928-95-0) show that (Z)-2-penten-1-ol is not expected to be genotoxic. Data on read-across analog allyl alcohol (CAS # 107-18-6) provide a calculated Margin of Exposure (MOE) > 100 for the repeated dose toxicity and reproductive toxicity endpoints. Target data and data from read-across analog allyl alcohol (CAS # 107-18-6) show that there are no safety concerns for (Z)-2-penten-1-ol for skin sensitization under the current declared levels of use. The photoirritation/photoallergenicity endpoints were evaluated based on ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectra; (Z)-2-penten-1-ol is not expected to be photoirritating/photoallergenic. The local respiratory toxicity endpoint was evaluated using the Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) for a Cramer Class I material, and the exposure to (Z)-2-penten-1-ol is below the TTC (1.4 mg/day). The environmental endpoints were evaluated; (Z)-2-penten-1-ol was found not to be Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic (PBT) as per the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) Environmental Standards, and its risk quotients, based on its current volume of use (VoU) in Europe and North America (i.e., Predicted Environmental Concentration/Predicted No Effect Concentration [PEC/PNEC]), are <1.
Keywords
Taverne, Food Science, Toxicology
Citation
Api, A M, Bartlett, A, Belsito, D, Botelho, D, Bruze, M, Bryant-Friedrich, A, Burton, G A, Cancellieri, M A, Chon, H, Cronin, M, Crotty, S, Dagli, M L, Dekant, W, Deodhar, C, Farrell, K, Fryer, A D, Jones, L, Joshi, K, Lapczynski, A, Laskin, D L, Lavelle, M, Lee, I, Moustakas, H, Muldoon, J, Penning, T M, Piersma, A H, Ritacco, G, Sadekar, N, Schember, I, Schultz, T W, Siddiqi, F, Sipes, I G, Sullivan, G & Thakkar, Y 2026, 'Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, (Z)-2-penten-1-ol, CAS Registry Number 1576-95-0', Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, vol. 210, no. S1, 115961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2026.115961