Hydrothermal element distributions at high temperatures: an experimental study on the partitioning of major and trace elements between phlogopite, haplogranitic melt and vapour

Abstract

This thesis deals with the distribution of ore-forming elements between granites or granite minerals and an aqueous solution, as a contribution in solving the problem of ore-formation. The distribution of elements between different phases can be investigated by direct observation in the field and subsequent chemical analysis of these phases. A second approach is the experimental study of distribution equilibria between minerals or rocks and aqueous solutions under conditions of pressure (2000 to 5000 bars) and temperature (550 to 850°C), which encompass the normal melting and solidification condition of granitic magmas. This thesis follows the experimental approach, and the experiments reported here can be divided into the following groups: 1. Systems with phlogopite and a chloride-containing hydrothermal solution (Chapters 2 to 5). 2. Systems with a simplified granite and chlorine- (Chapters 6 and 7) or fluorine (Chapter 8) containing hydrothermal solution.