Topical review: parental cancer in families with minor children: applying a psychosocial prevention model

Abstract

Background: The aim of this article was to apply a (pediatric) psychosocial prevention model to families with minor children facing parental cancer, to conceptualize varying levels of psychosocial risk and support matched to these risk levels. Methods: This is a topical review of empirical and theoretical literature on psychosocial consequences of parental cancer for the family, using a pediatric psychosocial prevention perspective. Results: Most children and parents affected by parental cancer appear to adjust well, but a significant minority experiences psychosocial problems. Psychosocial risk factors at different levels (ie, illness-related, family, parent, and child) are identified, which largely correspond with the factors identified in pediatric oncology. However, there are also unique considerations for families in which a parent has cancer, which should be taken into account when tailoring and applying the psychosocial prevention model. Conclusions: The tailored model can be used to inform clinical care for assessing, preventing and treating, psychosocial problems in families facing parental cancer.