Derivation of the phenomenological equations from the master equation. II. Even and odd variables

Abstract

The analysis of Part I is extended to the case in which both even and odd variables are needed to describe the macroscopic state of a system. In linear approximation this leads to the usual phenomenological equations, obeying reciprocal relations in the form given by Casimir. The fluctuations about this average behaviour are also fully described by the master equation; as an example the Nyquist formula is derived.