Increasing self-consumption of photovoltaic electricity by storing energy in electric vehicle using smart grid technology in the residential sector. A model for simulating different smart grid programs

Abstract

In this paper a model has been developed which intends to simulate the increase of self-consumption of photovoltaic (PV)-power by storing energy in electric vehicle (EV) using smart grid technology in the residential sector. Three different possible smart grid control algorithms for a micro-grid consisting of solar panels, a household and an EV are presented that manage the (dis-)charging profile of an EV, either in realtime or using linear optimization using predictions for PV-power and electricity demand. The different control algorithms are simulated for a year using data for PV-power and electricity demand from the Netherlands and one specific EV. Preliminary results of the model are presented, showing that all control algorithms could significantly increase self-consumption and reduce peaks in electricity demand from the main grid. Although the difference in performance of the control algorithms for self-consumption is marginal, we find that linear optimization works better than the real-time algorithms for peak reduction.