Primary percutaneous coronary intervention by drug-eluting balloon angioplasty: The nonrandomized fourth arm of the DEB-AMI (drug-eluting balloon in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction) trial

Abstract

ObjectiveTo evaluate a paclitaxel drug-eluting balloon (DEB) only strategy in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI), aiming at a comparison with bare metal stent (BMS) alone, DEB followed by BMS, and paclitaxel eluting stent (PES), as assessed in the randomized Drug Eluting Balloon in Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (DEB-AMI) trial. BackgroundDEB-only seems an attractive strategy in PPCI, as it obviates the risk of stent thrombosis. MethodsThis study is a prospective registry with the same inclusion/exclusion criteria used in the DEB-AMI trial, as it constitutes the fourth, nonrandomized, treatment arm of this trial. Patients presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction were allocated to DEB-only (DIOR II, Eurocor GmbH, Bonn, Germany) after successful thrombus aspiration and predilatation. Primary endpoint was 6-month angiographic in-balloon/stent late-luminal loss (LLL). Secondary endpoints were in-balloon/stent binary restenosis and major adverse cardiac events (MACE: death, myocardial infarction, target-vessel revascularization). ResultsForty patients underwent PPCI by DEB-only. Procedural success was achieved in 97.5% with bail-out stenting required in 10.0% of procedures. In DEB-only, LLL was 0.510.59 mm as compared to 0.74 +/- 0.57 mm in BMS (P=0.44), 0.64 +/- 0.56 mm in DEB+BMS (P=0.88) and 0.21 +/- 0.32 mm in PES (P ConclusionsPPCI by DEB-only in selected patients yielded an angiographic outcome comparable to BMS alone and DEB followed by BMS. PES proved angiographic superiority to DEB-only. DEB-only is therefore a potential treatment alternative during PPCI in patients with contra-indications to drug-eluting stents. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.