A vaccine central in A(H5) influenza antigenic space confers broad immunity
Publication date
2025-11-27
Authors
Kok, Adinda
Wilks, Samuel H
Tureli, Sina
James, Sarah L
Bestebroer, Theo M
Burke, David F
Funk, Mathis
van der Vliet, Stefan
Spronken, Monique I
Rijnink, Willemijn F
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Supervisors
Document Type
Article
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Abstract
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5) viruses globally impact wild and domestic birds, and have caused severe infections in mammals, including humans, underscoring their pandemic potential1, 2, 3, 4–5. The antigenic evolution of the A(H5) haemagglutinin (HA) poses challenges for pandemic preparedness and vaccine design6. Here the global antigenic evolution of the A(H5) HA was captured in a high-resolution antigenic map. The map was used to design immunogenic and antigenically central vaccine HA antigens, eliciting antibody responses that broadly cover the A(H5) antigenic space. In ferrets, a central antigen protected as well as homologous vaccines against heterologous infection with two antigenically distinct viruses. This work showcases the rational design of subtype-wide influenza A(H5) pre-pandemic vaccines and demonstrates the value of antigenic maps for the evaluation of vaccine-induced immune responses through antibody profiles.
Keywords
General, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Citation
Kok, A, Wilks, S H, Tureli, S, James, S L, Bestebroer, T M, Burke, D F, Funk, M, van der Vliet, S, Spronken, M I, Rijnink, W F, Pattinson, D J, de Meulder, D, Rosu, M E, Lexmond, P, van den Brand, J M A, Herfst, S, Smith, D J, Fouchier, R A M & Richard, M 2025, 'A vaccine central in A(H5) influenza antigenic space confers broad immunity', Nature, vol. 647, no. 8091, pp. 1005-1013. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09626-3