Hemodiafiltration

Abstract

In this chapter we discuss hemodiafiltration (HDF) as treatment option for patients with end-stage kidney disease. The concept was introduced decades ago, but only when technological developments made it possible to produce substitution fluid online and when this process was allowed by regulatory authorities that the modality received wider attention. We discuss the theoretical background, the clinical evidence, practical issues on how to perform HDF in clinical practice, potential mechanisms of the possible beneficial effects on clinical outcome, possible downsides, and finally some perspectives and conclusions.