Release of primary microplastics from consumer products to wastewater in The Netherlands

Abstract

Here, we estimate the release of primary microplastics from consumer products - cosmetics and personal care products, cleaning agents, paint and coatings - via sewage effluent, as an expected relevant route to the marine environment. Total estimated concentrations in three scenarios are 0.2, 2.7 and 66 µg/L in sewage treatment plant (STP) effluent respectively. all product categories relevantly contribute. Predicted concentrations are compared to reported actual concentrations in STP effluents. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.